UN chief calls for action to put out ‘5-alarm global fire’
联合国秘书长呼吁采取行动 扑灭“5级全球紧急火灾”
At a time when “the only certainty is more uncertainty”, countries must unite to forge a new, more hopeful and equal path, UN Secretary-General António Guterres told the General Assembly on Friday,laying out his priorities for 2022.
联合国秘书长古特雷斯周五在联合国大会上表示，在“唯一可以确定的是会有更多的不确定性”的时刻，各国必须团结起来，打造一条新的、更有希望和平等的道路。他在讲话中阐述了2022年的工作优先事项。
forge [fɔːdʒ] v. 打造；伪造
lay out 清晰表述；摆放；展示
“We face a five-alarm global fire that requires the full mobilization of all countries,” he said, referring to the raging COVID-19 pandemic, a morally bankrupt global financial system, the climate crisis, lawlessness in cyberspace, and diminished peace and security.
他说：“我们面临着一场五级警报的全球火灾，需要所有国家的全力动员。”他表示，这五级警报包括：肆虐的新冠疫情、道德沦丧的全球金融体系、气候紧急情况、网络空间的无法治状态以及和平与安全受到削弱。
mobilization [ˌməʊbɪlaɪˈzeɪʃn] n. 动员
Alarm 1: The COVID-19 battle
警报一: 新冠战役
Stopping coronavirus spread must be at the top of the agenda everywhere, said Mr. Guterres, calling for countries to “go into emergency mode in the COVID-19 battle.”
古特雷斯说，阻止新冠病毒传播必须是所有地方的首要议程。他呼吁各国“在新冠战役中进入紧急状态。”
At the same time, the virus cannot be used as “cover” to undermine human rights, curtail civil space and freedoms, or impose disproportionate restrictions. “Our actions must be grounded in science and common sense,” he said. “The science is clear: Vaccines work. Vaccines save lives.”
与此同时，病毒不能被用作破坏人权、限制公民空间和自由或实施过度限制的“幌子”。他说：“我们的行动必须基于科学和常识。科学清楚地表明: 疫苗有效，疫苗可以拯救生命。”
curtail [kɜːˈteɪl] v. 限制；缩减
Yet, vaccine inequity persists despite a global strategy toinoculate 40 per cent of all people by the end of last year, and 70 per cent by the middle of this year.
然而，尽管全球战略规定在去年年底前为40%的人接种疫苗，在今年年中前为70%的人接种疫苗，但疫苗不平等现象依然存在。
inoculate [ɪˈnɒkjuleɪt] v. 接种疫苗
Furthermore, although 1.5 billion doses are produced each month, distribution is “scandalously unequal,” he said. “Instead of the virus spreading like wildfire, we need vaccines to spread like wildfire,” Mr. Guterres stated, urging all countries and manufacturers to prioritize supply to the COVAX solidarity initiative.
古特雷斯说，尽管每月生产15亿剂疫苗，但分配却是“令人愤慨地不平等”。他表示，“我们需要的不是像野火一样蔓延的病毒，而是要让疫苗像野火一样迅速扩散和分发。”他敦促所有国家和制造商优先向“新冠疫苗全球获取机制”团结倡议供应疫苗。
scandalously [ˈskændələsli] adv. 令人愤慨地，过分地
He also underscored the need to combat the “plague” of vaccine misinformation, and to improve preparedness for future pandemics, including through strengthening the authority of the World Health Organization (WHO).
他还强调需要打击疫苗错误信息这一“瘟疫”，并加强对未来大流行病的准备，包括通过加强世界卫生组织的权威。
underscore [ʌndəˈskɔː] v. 强调；突出显示；在…下面划线
Alarm 2: Reform global finance
警报二: 改革全球金融
The pandemic has also highlighted the failure of the global financial system, on which Mr. Guterres was particularly blunt. “Let’s tell it like it is: the global financial system is morally bankrupt. It favours the rich and punishes the poor.”
古特雷斯直言不讳地说，疫情还凸显了全球金融体系的失败。他说：“让我们实话实说: 全球金融体系道德沦丧。它偏袒富人，惩罚穷人。”
blunt [blʌnt] adj. 直言不讳的；钝的，不锋利的
The system is supposed to ensure stability by supporting economies through financial shocks, such as the pandemic, but he said lopsided investment is leading to lopsided recovery from the crisis.
他说，金融体系本应通过金融证券支持经济来确保稳定，但不平衡的投资导致了不平衡的疫情复苏。
lopsided [ˌlɒpˈsaɪdɪd] adj. 不平衡的，高低不平的
“The divergence between developed and developing countries is becoming systemic – a recipe for instability, crisis and forced migration. These imbalances are not a bug, but a feature of the global financial system,” he said.
古特雷斯表示：“发达国家和发展中国家之间的分歧正在呈现出系统性的特点——这是导致不稳定、危机和被迫移民的因素。这些失衡不是一个小的设计问题，而是全球金融体系的一个特征。”
divergence [daɪˈvɜːdʒəns] n. 分歧，差异
recipe [ˈresəpi] n. 原因；秘诀，方法；食谱
Since the onset of the pandemic, the Secretary-General has called for reform of the global financial system to better support developing countries. The measures he has recommended include redirecting Special Drawing Rights - a type of foreign reserve asset - to countries that need help now, a fairer global tax system, and addressingillicit financial flows.
自新冠疫情暴发以来，古特雷斯秘书长一直呼吁改革全球金融体系，以更好地支持发展中国家。他建议的措施包括将特别提款权(外汇储备资产)重新分配给现在需要帮助的国家，建立更公平的全球税收体系，以及解决非法资金流动问 g题。
illicit [ɪˈlɪsɪt] adj. 非法的，不正当的
Alarm 3: The climate emergency
警报三: 气候紧急情况
For the Secretary-General, countries have no choice than to go into “emergency mode” against the climate crisis.
他表示，各国别无选择，只能进入应对气候危机的“应急模式”。
The world is far off-track on limiting global temperature rise to 1.5 degrees above pre-industrial levels, as outlined in the Paris Agreement on climate change. Global emissions must be reduced by 45 per cent by the end of the decade to reach carbon neutrality by mid-century, which requires “an avalanche of action” in 2022.
他说，正如关于气候变化的《巴黎协定》所概述的那样，世界在将全球气温上升限制在比工业化前水平高1.5度的问题上大大偏离了轨道。他指出，到本十年结束时，全球温室气体排放量必须减少45%，才能在本世纪中叶实现碳中和，这需要在2022年采取“大批行动”。
avalanche [ˈævəlɑːnʃ] n. 雪崩；大量，大批
All developing and developed countries that are major emitters must do more, and much faster, he said, taking into account common but differentiated responsibilities. The UN chief appealed for the creation ofcoalitions that will provide financial and technical support to nations, which include some of the big emitters, that need assistance in transitioning from coal power to renewable energy.
古特雷斯说，考虑到共同但有区别的责任，所有属于主要排放国的发展中国家和发达国家必须做得更多、更快。他呼吁建立联盟，向包括一些排放大国在内的国家提供财政和技术支持，这些国家在从煤电向可再生能源过渡时需要援助。
differentiated [ˌdɪfəˈrenʃieɪtɪd] adj. 有差别的，分化的
coalition [ˌkəʊəˈlɪʃ(ə)n] n. 联盟，联合体
Alarm four: Technology and cyberspace
警报四: 技术和网络空间
While technology offers extraordinary possibilities for humanity, Mr. Guterres warned that “growing digital chaos is benefiting the most destructive forces and denying opportunities to ordinary people.”
古特雷斯警告说，虽然技术为人类提供了非凡的可能性，但“日益加剧的数字领域混乱正在让最具破坏性的力量受益，并剥夺普通人的机会。”
He spoke of the need to both expand internet access to the nearly three billion people still offline, and to address risks such as data misuse, misinformation and cyber-crime.
他谈到，既要将互联网接入扩大到近30亿仍处于离线状态的人，又要应对数据滥用、错误信息和网络犯罪等风险。
The UN chief called for strong regulatory frameworks to change the business models of social media companies which “profit from algorithms that prioritize addiction, outrage and anxiety at the cost of public safety”.
他呼吁建立强有力的监管框架，以改变社交媒体公司的商业模式，这些公司“以公共安全为代价，从优先考虑上瘾、愤怒和焦虑的算法中获利”。
algorithm [ˈælgərɪðəm] n. 算法
He has proposed the establishment of a Global Digital Compact, bringing together governments, the private sector and civil society, to agree on key principles underpinning global digital cooperation.
他提议建立一个全球数字契约，将政府、私营部门和民间社会聚集在一起，就支持全球数字合作的关键原则达成一致。
underpin [ˌʌndəˈpɪn] v. 支持，巩固
Alarm 5: Peace and security
警报五: 和平与安全
With the world now facing the highest number of violent conflicts since 1945, peace is badly needed.
古特雷斯指出，随着世界现在面临自1945年以来最多的暴力冲突，迫切需要和平。
Here again, countries must act in the face of challenges such as the assault on human rights and rule of law; rising populism, racism and extremism; and escalating humanitarian crises, fuelled by climate change.
在这方面，各国必须就诸多挑战采取行动；例如侵犯人权和破坏法治；民粹主义、种族主义和极端主义抬头；以及气候变化推升的人道主义危机。
populism [ˈpɒpjəlɪzəm] n. 民粹主义
extremism [ɪkˈstriːmɪzəm] n. 极端主义
Mr. Guterres underlined the UN’s commitment to peace, pledging to spare no effort in mobilizing international action in numerous areas across the globe.
古特雷斯强调了联合国对和平的承诺，表示将不遗余力地在全球多个领域动员开展国际行动。
